By Basant El-Faramawy
Democrats secured control of both chambers of Congress in the midterm elections, but their ability to enact their agenda will be constrained by Republican President Donald Trump's veto power and internal party divisions.
Investigative Powers and Nominations
With majorities in the House and Senate, Democrats gain authority to launch investigations through congressional committees. Incoming House Oversight Committee chair Robert Garcia signaled plans to scrutinize the Trump administration, including the president's family, corporate corruption, and immigration enforcement. The Senate can also confirm or block presidential nominations, potentially influencing any Supreme Court vacancy.
Legislative Hurdles and Veto Threat
Although Democrats can pass legislation through Congress with relative ease, most bills require the president's signature to become law. Trump has already threatened vetoes, and Democrats lack the two-thirds supermajority needed to override them. House Democratic leader Hakeem Jeffries has pledged to prioritize reversing Medicaid cuts and extending Affordable Care Act tax credits, but such measures face an uncertain path.
Internal Divisions on Israel and Iran Policy
Democrats also confront fractures within their own ranks, particularly over military aid to Israel. Some incoming lawmakers, including Senator-elect Abdul El-Sayed, have vowed to support legislation curtailing that aid, potentially clashing with party leadership. Meanwhile, Congress's ability to restrain Trump's Iran policy remains an open legal question after a bipartisan resolution to halt hostilities was ignored by the White House.
